What is the transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris of the eye called?

The transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris of the eye is known as the cornea. This structure plays a crucial role in vision, serving as the eye's primary lens that helps to focus light onto the retina, which is located at the back of the eye. The cornea has a unique curvature that aids in refraction, allowing for the clear image formation necessary for good vision. Additionally, the cornea protects the internal structures of the eye from dust, debris, and microorganisms due to its position at the front of the eye.

In contrast, the sclera is the white outer layer of the eye, providing structural support. The lens, located just behind the iris and pupil, further refines the focus of light onto the retina, adjusting its shape for near and far vision. The retina itself is the part of the eye that detects light and converts it into neural signals, which are then sent to the brain for interpretation. Each of these components plays a distinct and vital role in the overall function of the eye and vision.